Datakolonialismus und kritische Datenkompetenz
Medienpädagogische Ansätze zur epistemischen Gewalt im Digitalen Kapitalismus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21243/mi-04-25-16Schlagworte:
Datenkolonialismus, Epistemische Gewalt, Kolonialität der Macht, Algorithmische Gouvernanz, Indígene Datensouveränität, Überwachungskapitalismus, Ubuntu-Ethik, Plattformmonopole, Dekoloniale KI, Critical data literacyAbstract
Der Beitrag argumentiert, dass der digitale Kapitalismus spezifische Formen epistemischer Gewalt durch Datenkolonialismus hervorbringt – die Aneignung menschlicher Erfahrung als Rohmaterial für algorithmische Verarbeitung und Kapitalakkumulation. Aufbauend auf dekolonialer Theorie und kritischer Medienpädagogik zeigt die Studie, wie gegenwärtige Datafizierung koloniale Muster der Extraktion, Ausbeutung und epistemologischen Dominanz reproduziert. Drei Fallstudien – Content-Moderation-Arbeit, biometrische Überwachungssysteme und große Sprachmodelle – verdeutlichen, wie algorithmische Systeme strukturelle Gewalt kodieren und alternative Wissensformen marginalisieren. Der Artikel entwickelt kritische Datenkompetenz als emanzipatorische Bildungspraxis, die konventionelle Medienkompetenzbegriffe durch explizite Aufmerksamkeit für Macht, Kolonialität und strukturelle Ungleichheiten erweitert. Konkrete pädagogische Szenarien illustrieren, wie Lernende Fähigkeiten zur Erkennung epistemischer Gewalt, zum Verstehen der politischen Ökonomie der Datenextraktion und zur Partizipation an nicht-extraktiven Alternativen entwickeln können. Institutionelle Anforderungen für Lehrkräftebildung, Curriculum-Entwicklung und informelle Bildung werden erörtert, ebenso alternative Modelle wie Indigenous Data Sovereignty und Ubuntu-Philosophie.
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