文昌建築

All Siku quanshu (hereafter SKQS) editions refer to texts accessed through the Kanseki Repository (https://www.kanripo.org/), which are available as a digital facsimile of the Wenyuan ge exemplar juxtaposed with the searchable transcription.

Gazetteers

Changzhou xian zhi 隆慶長洲縣志 (Changzhou County Gazetteer). Longqing ed. Facsimile reproduction in Tianyige cang Mingdai fangzhi xuankan xubian 天一閣藏明代方志選刊續編. Shanghai: Shanghai Shudian, 1990.

Chiping xian zhi 茌平縣志 (Chiping County Gazetteer). 1935.

Fengcheng xian zhi 鳳城縣志 (Fengcheng County Gazetteer). 36533. 1921.

Liaoyang xian zhi 遼陽縣志 (Liaoyang County Gazetteer). 1928.

Pingshun xian zhi平順縣志 (Pingshun County Gazetteer). H00B3. Kangxi ed.

Taishun xian zhi 泰順縣志 (Taishun County Gazetteer). H007D. Yongzheng ed.

Wu xian zhi 吳縣志 (Wu County Gazetteer). Preface dated 1642. Facsimile reproduction in Tianyige cang Mingdai fangzhi xuankan xubian, v. 15–19. Shanghai: Shanghai Shudian, 1990. Also included in Erudition Gazetteers database.

Zhenxiong zhou zhi 鎮雄州志 (Zhenxiong Departmental Gazetteer). 91819. 1887.

Other Primary Sources

Cao Zishou 曹自守. 1997. “Wuxian chengtu shuo” 吳縣城圖說 (Map of Urban Wu County, Explicated). In Gu Yanwu 顧炎武, Tianxia junguo libing shu 天下郡國利病書 (Advantage and Disadvantages of Regions throughout the Realm), ce 5: 11b–12a. Manuscript facsimile in Siku Quanshu Cunmu Congshu 四庫全書存目叢書, Shi bu 史部. Jinan: Qi Lu Shushe. v. 171: 200.

Chen Qiyuan 陳其元. (1874) 1989. “Wenchang wei yinci” 文昌為淫祀 (Wenchang is Illicit Sacrifice). In Yongxian zhai biji 庸閒齋筆記. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.

Hangug Inmungwahagwon Pyeonjipbu한국인문과학원 편집부/韓國人文科學院編輯部 eds. 1998. Seowon ji jongseo書院志叢書 (Collectanea of Academy Gazetteers). First published by Minjok munhwasa (Seoul) in 1987; reprinted by Hangug Inmungwahagwon 한국인문과학원/韓國人文科學院. Seoul.

Le Gendre, Charles William. 2012. Notes of Travel in Formosa. Edited by Douglas L. Fix and John Shufelt. Tainan: National Museum of Taiwan History.

Liang Qichao 梁啟超. 2018. Liang Qichao quan ji 梁啟超全集 (Complete Works of Liang Qichao). Edited by Tang Zhijun 湯志鈞 and Tang Renze 湯仁澤. Beijing: Zhongguo Renmin Daxue Chubanshe. Vol. 1.

Liji zhushu 禮記注疏 (Commentary and Subcommentary on the Book of Rites). Commentary by Zheng Xuan 鄭玄; subcommentary Kong Yingda 孔穎逹. SKQS ed.

Long Xianzhao 龍顯昭 and Huang Haide 黃海德, primary eds. 1997. Ba Shu daojiao beiwen jicheng 巴蜀道教碑文集成 (Compendium of Daoist Stele Compositions from the Ba-Shu Region). Chengdu: Sichuan Daxue Chubanshe.

Mao shi 毛詩 (Mao recension of the Classic of Poetry). Commentary by Zheng Xuan 鄭玄. Sibu congkan 四部叢刊 edition in Kanseki Repository.

Peng Dingqiu, ed. 1704. Wenxing ge xiaozhi 文星閣小志 (Modest Gazetteer of the Cultural Star Pavilion). Shanghai Library exemplar reproduced in Zhongguo yuanlin mingsheng zhi congkan 中國園林名勝志叢刊, edited by Zheng Xiaoxia 鄭曉霞 and Zhang Zhi 張智, v. 31: 1–67. Yangzhou: Guangling Shushe, 2006.

Peng Dingqiu. Circa 1719. Shijiang gong nianpu 侍講公年譜 (Chronological Autobiography of Master Sub-Expositor). Suzhou Museum manuscript.

Zhouli zhushu 周禮注疏 (Commentary and Subcommentary on the Rites of Zhou). Commentary by Zheng Xuan 鄭玄; subcommentary by Jia Gongyan 賈公彥. SKQS ed.

Secondary Sources

Brown, Tristan G. 2019. “A Mountain of Saints and Sages: Muslims in the Landscape of Popular Religion in Late Imperial China.” T’oung Pao 105 (3–4): 437–92.

Bujard, Marianne, Ju Xi, Guan Xiaojing, Wang Minqing, and Lei Yang. 2017. Temples et stèles de Pékin. Beijing: Guojia Tushuguan Chubanshe. Vol. 4, number 1.

Burton-Rose, Daniel. 2020. “Establishing a Literati Spirit-Writing Altar in Early Qing Suzhou: The Optimus Prophecy of Peng Dingqiu (1645–1719).” T’oung Pao 106 (3–4): 358–400.

Chen, Shih-Pei, Kenneth J. Hammond, Anne Gerritsen, Shellen Wu and Jiajing Zhang. 2020. “Local Gazetteers Research Tools: Overview and Research Application.” Journal of Chinese History. 4 (2): 544–58.

Chen Zhaoying 陳昭瑛. 2004. “Taiwan de Wenchang Dijun xinyang yu rujia daotong yishi” 臺灣的文昌帝君信仰與儒家道統意識 (Belief in Thearch-Lord Wenchang and Confucian Transmission-of-the-Way Consciousness in Taiwan). In Zhonghua Wenchang wenhua: Guoji Wenchang xueshu yanjiu lunwen ji 中華文昌文化: 國際文昌學術硏究論文集 (Chinese Wenchang Culture: An Anthology of International Scholarly Research on Wenchang), edited by Wang Xingping 王興平, Huang Zhisheng 黃枝生, and Geng Xun 耿薰, 87–115. Chengdu: Ba shu shushe.

Chien Iching (Jian Yijing 簡亦精). 2013. “Shilun shuyuan jisi yu minjian xinyang—Yi Wenchang ge yu Wenchang xinyang wei zhongxin” 試論書院祭祀與民間信仰―以文昌閣與文昌信仰為中心 (Discussion of Sacrificial Rites in the Academies and Folk Beliefs: With a Focus on Wenchang Pavilions and Wenchang Belief).” Zhongguo shuyuan 8: 650–669.

Chien Iching 簡亦精. 2015. “Shoin no saishi to fūsui ni tsuite: Taiwan no Sūbun shoin to Kaitō shoin wo chūshin ni shite 書院の祭祀と風水について: 臺灣の崇文書院と海東書院を中心にして (A Study on the Ritual and Fengshui of Shuyuan: Focusing on Chongwen Shuyuan and Haidong Shuyuan in Taiwan).” Chūgoku tetsugaku ronshū 41: 47–64.

Chien Iching 簡亦精. 2020. “The Transmission and Transformation of Confucian Academy Rituals as Seen in Taiwanese Academies.” In Confucian Academies in East Asia, ed. Vladimír Glomb, Eun-Jeung Lee, and Martin Gehlmann, 437–55. Leiden: Brill.

Dennis, Joseph. 2015. Writing, Publishing, and Reading Local Gazetteers in Imperial China, 1100–1700. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center.

Du Zhengxian 杜正賢, primary ed. 2008. Hangzhou Kong miao 杭州孔廟 (Hangzhou Confucian Temple). Hangzhou: Xiling Yinshe Chubanshe.

DuBose, Hampden C. 1899. “‘Beautiful Soo’: The Capital of Kiangsu.” Shanghai: Kelly and Walsh.

Gao Jiannan 高見南. 1999 (1844). Xiang zhai jing zuan 相宅經纂 (A Selection from Classics of Residential Topomancy). Reprint Taipei: Yulin.

Gao Wu 高梧. 2008. Wenchang xinyang xisu yanjiu 文昌信仰習俗研究 (Study of Wenchang Beliefs and Customs). Chengdu: Ba Shu Shushe.

Goossaert, Vincent. 2006. “1898: The Beginning of the End for Chinese Religion?” Journal of Asian Studies 65(2): 307–36.

Huang, Chin-shing. 2021. Confucianism and Sacred Space: The Confucius Temple from Imperial China to Today. Translated by Jonathan Chin with Chin-shing Huang. New York: Columbia University Press.

Huang, Philip C. 1972. Liang Ch’i-ch’ao and Modern Chinese Liberalism. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Katz, Paul R. and Vincent Goossaert. 2021. The Fifty Years that Changed Chinese Religion, 1898-1948. Ann Arbor, MI: Association for Asian Studies.

Kleeman, Terry F. 1994. A God’s Own Tale: The Book of Transformations of Wenchang, The Divine Lord of Zitong. Albany: State University of New York Press.

Kleeman, Terry F. 1995. “The Expansion of the Wen-Ch’ang Cult.” In Religion and Society in T’ang and Sung China, ed. Peter Gregory and Patricia Ebrey, 45–73. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press.

Knapp, Ronald G. 1998. “Chinese Villages as Didactic Texts.” In Landscape, Culture, and Power in Chinese Society, ed. Wen-hsin Yeh, 110–128. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies.

Li Dan 李丹, ed. 2013. Meiguo Hafo Daxue Hafo Yanjing Tushuguan cang Zhongguo Jiufangzhi mulu 美國哈佛大學哈佛燕京圖書館藏中國舊方志目錄 (Catalogue of Old Local Chronicles of China in the Harvard-Yenching Library, Harvard University, U.S.A.). Guilin: Guangxi Shifan Daxue Chubanshe.

Liang Sicheng 梁思成. 2001 (1932). “Ji xian Dulesi Guanyin ge shanmen kao” 薊縣獨樂寺觀音閣山門考 (Investigation of the Entry Gate to the Ji county Dule Temple Guanyin Pavilion). In Liang Sicheng quan ji 梁思成全集. Beijing: Zhongguo Jianzhu Gongye Chubanshe. Vol. 1: 161–223.

Liang, Ssu-ch’eng [Sicheng]. 2005. Chinese Architecture: A Pictorial History. Introduced and edited by Wilma Fairbank. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.

Liu Xiangguang (Liu Hsiang-kuang) 劉祥光. 2006. “Songdai fengshui wenhua de kuozhan” 宋代風水文化的擴展 (Development of the Culture of Geomancy in Song China). Taida lishi xuebao 45: 1–78.

Ma Jie 馬婕, Han Yichen 韓奕晨, Yang Mengru 楊孟儒, Wang Bohan 王泊寒, and Yang Tao楊濤. 2020. “Ba-Shu Yuandai jianzhu de diyuxing yu shidaixing: Yi Langzhong Wulongmiao Wenchangge wei li” 巴蜀元代建築的地域性與時代性 ——以閬中五龍廟文昌閣為例 (Regional Characteristics and Context of Ba-Shu Yuan Dynasty Architecture: Taking the Wulong Temple Wenchang Pavilion as an Example). Jianzhu yu wenhua 12: 264–267.

Marmé, Michael. 2005. Suzhou: Where the Goods of All the Provinces Converge. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Milburn, Olivia. 2009. “Image, Identity, and Cherishing Antiquity: Wang Ao and Mid-Ming Suzhou.” Ming Studies 60: 95–114.

Milburn, Olivia. 2015. Urbanization in Early and Medieval China: Gazetteers for the City of Suzhou. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Naquin, Susan. 2008. Peking: Temples and city life, 1400–1900. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Nedostup, Rebecca. 2009. Superstitious Regimes: Religion and the Politics of Chinese Modernity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center.

Nikaidō Yoshihiro 二階堂善弘. 2011. “Bunshō teikun shinkō to shoin—Taiwan ni okeru Bunshō teikun byō wo rei ni 文昌帝君信仰と書院―臺灣における文昌帝君廟を例に (Thearch-Lord Wenchang Worship and Academies: Thearch-Lord Wenchang Shrines in Taiwan).” Higashi ajia bunka kōshō kenkyū 4: 11–19.

Nylan, Michael and Thomas Wilson. 2010. Lives of Confucius: Civilization’s Greatest Sage Through the Ages. New York: Doubleday.

Pankenier, David W. 2013. Astrology and Cosmology in Early China: Conforming Earth to Heaven. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Seowon, eojin i reul nopigo seonbi reul gireuda 서원, 어진 이를 높이고 선비 를 기르다 (Academies: Honoring Virtue and Educating Scholars). 2020. Jeonju: Gungnib Jeonju Bangmulgwan.

Shen Yujing 沈鬱菁. 2006. Man bu canglang: Wenwu diancui 漫步滄浪：文物點翠. Ed. Li Jifu 李紀福. Suzhou: Gu Wu Xuan Chubanshe.

Shi Huilin 石慧琳 and Lu Qun 陸群. 2020. “Qingdai Pushi Zitong ge beike mingwen de lishi jiyi” 清代浦市梓潼閣碑刻銘文的歷史記憶 (Historical Recollections of the Zitong Pavilion Inscriptions of Pushi in the Qing). Huaihua xueyuan bao 39(2): 30–34.

Sichuan sheng Langzhong shi Difangzhi Bianzuan Weiyuanhui 四川省閬中市地方志編纂委員會 ed. 1993. Langzhong xian zhi 閬中縣志 (Langzhong county gazetteer). Chengdu: Sichuan Renmin Chubanshe.

Wang Guoping 王 國平 primary ed. 2009. Suzhou Shigang 蘇州史綱 (Historical Outline of Suzhou). Suzhou: Gu Wu Xuan Chubanshe.

Xie Bilian 謝碧連. 2003. Chikanlou yu Shuangmianbei 赤崁樓與雙面碑 (Providentia and the Double-sided Stele). Tainan: Tainan shi zhengfu.

Xu, Yinong. 2000. The Chinese City in Space and Time. The Development of Urban Form in Suzhou. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press.

Yang Dongsheng 楊東勝 ed. 2008. Gusu fanhua tu 姑蘇繁華圖 (Flourishing Suzhou). Tianjin: Tianjin Renmin Meishu Chubanshe.

Zhang Tingyu 張廷玉 et al. Ming shi 明史 (Ming History). Academia Sinica database (http://hanchi.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/ihp/hanji.htm) based on Qing Wuying dian exemplar.

Zhang Yaxiang 張亞祥. 2009. Jiangnan wenmiao 江南文廟 (Confucian Temples of the Yangzi Delta). Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong Daxue Chubanshe.

Zhao Erxun 趙爾巽. 1977. Qing shi gao 清史稿 (Draft History of the Qing). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju. 48 vols.

Zhao Shuguo 趙樹國. 2021. “‘Xiantian zhi Kongzi’: Ming-Qing Shandong Wenchang chongsi de jian’gou yu chuanbo” “先天之孔子”：明清山東文昌崇祀的建構與傳播 (“The Confucius of Prior-Heaven”: The Construction and Spread of Wenchang Devotion in Shandong in the Ming and Qing). Minsu yanjiu 155(1): 65–80.