Screening without China
Transregional Cinematic Smuggling between Cold War Taiwan and Colonial Hong Kong
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25365/jeacs.2020.1.161-188关键词:
冷戰, 文化大革命, 香港電影, 電影審查, 政治宣傳摘要
電影政策的研究如何揭示電影審查的權力機制及其文化政治的本質？在政治和市場的約束下，審查制度又如何影響電影製作的美學和自我定位？本文將聚焦英殖香港、台灣和中國這三個地緣政治區域，探討英國在殖民地實行的電影審查制度的影響，以及冷戰時期電影革命對中國政治的指涉。 1970至80年代期間，英殖香港的電影審查員改變了以往審查策略，從打壓中國大陸的電影變成禁止在香港放映可能會冒犯中國的電影。從這種策略上的改變可以看出跨地域“走私”音像影視對意識形態和宣傳領域的獨特影響。在當時的香港和台灣，放映和觀看有關「中國」的電影受到官方的嚴格監控，以杜絶可能惹是生非的公眾現象和政治話語。本文將呈現冷戰時期的港台電影及其在中國和中國性這兩個概念上模棱兩可的表達，研究在這種視覺記錄中，人們面對和處理殖民主義、中國民族主義和冷戰跨國政治等問題的過程。
Downloads
参考
“A Statement of the General Principles as adopted on 20 November 1965 by the Film Censorship Board of Review.” 1965. Hong Kong Public Records Office. Hong Kong Record Series. HKRS 934-5-34. Government Records Service, Hong Kong.
Bai Jingrui 白景瑞. 1981. The Coldest Winter in Peking (Huangtian houtu 皇天后土).
Barbieri, Maria. 1997. “Film Censorship in Hong Kong.” MPhil thesis. The University of Hong Kong.
Barmé, Geremie. 1983. “A Word for the Impostor: Introducing the Drama of Sha Yexin.” Renditions 19/20: 319-32.
Burns, James M. 2002. Flickering Shadows: Cinema and Identity in Colonial Zimbabwe. Athens: Ohio University Press.
“Censors Ban Film on China.” 1975. South China Morning Post, January 3.
Ching, Frank. 1987. “Hong Kong Plays Political Censor for China.” Asian Wall Street Journal, March 17.
Chowdhry, Prem. 2000. Colonial India and the Making of Empire Cinema: Image, Ideology and Identity. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Chu, Kenneth. 1974. “Film Withdrawn after Leftist Row.” South China Morning Post, October 22.
Chugani, Michael. 1981. “Taiwan Film—Made Banned.” The Sun, March 27.
Director of Information Service, 1970. Letter to Chairman of Film Censorship Board of Review, October 27. Hong Kong Public Records Office. HKRS 1101-2-13.
Doherty, Thomas. 1999. Pre-Code Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema, 1930-1934. New York: Columbia University Press.
Du, Ying. 2017. “Censorship, Regulations, and the Cinematic Cold War in Hong Kong (1947-1971).” China Review 17, 1 (Feb): 117–51.
“Film Ban Appealed.” 1981. The Star, April 9.
“Film Ban Company Threatens Law Suit.” 1981. The Sun, March 28.
“Film Censorship.” 1980–1983. Hong Kong Public Records Office. HKRS 70-8-1372.
“Film Censorship.” 1981–1982. Hong Kong Public Records Office. HKRS 70-8-1368.
“Filmmakers in Taipei Plan Appeal on Ban.” 1981. Hong Kong Standard, March 28.
“Firm Takes Film Ban Fight to Appeals Board.” 1981. South China Morning Post, April 8.
Fong, Gilbert C.F. 1987. “The Darkened Vision: If I Were For Real and the Movie.” In Drama in the People’s Republic of China, edited by Constantine Tung and Colin Mackerras, 233–53. New York: SUNY Press.
Grieveson, Lee. 2004. Policing Cinema Movies and Censorship in Early-Twentieth-Century America. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Hung, William. 1970. “Annual Report on Film Censorship, January–December 1969.” Hong Kong Public Records Office. HKRS 1101-2-13.
Hung, William. 1971. “Annual Report on Film Censorship, January–December 1970,” Hong Kong Public Records Office. HKRS 1101-2-13.
Hung, William. 1972. “Annual Report on Film Censorship, January–December 1971.” Hong Kong Public Records Office. HKRS 1101-2-13.
Lee, Zardas Shuk-man. 2013. “From Cold War Politics to Moral Regulation: Film Censorship in Colonial Hong Kong.” MPhil Dissertation, The University of Hong Kong.
Lei Xinyun雷昕芸. 2016. “Zaijian Zhongguo daoyan Tang Shuxuan” 《再見中國》導演唐書璇 (China Behind and Its Director Tang Shu-shuen). Yazhou Zhoukan 亞洲週刊 (Asia Weekly) 30, no. 42 (Oct). Accessed September 2017. https://www.yzzk.com/cfm/content_archive.cfm?id=1476329236199&docissue=2016-42.
Leonard, Dawn. 1981. “Ban on Taiwan Film Leads to Lawsuit Threat.” South China Morning Post, March 28.
Liang Liang 梁良. 2004. Kanbudao de dianying: Bainian jinpian daguan 看不到的電影—百年禁片大觀) (Forbidden films: An overview of banned films in one hundred years). Taipei: China Times Publishing Co.
Mark, Chi-kwan. 2017. The Everyday Cold War: Britain and China, 1950–1972. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
“Movie Fans Hit out at Decision.” 1981. The Star, March 28.
Newman, David. 2013. “British Colonial Censorship Regimes: Hong Kong, Straits Settlements, and Shanghai International Settlement, 1916–1941.” In Silencing Cinema: Film Censorship around the World, edited by Daniël Biltereyst and Roel Vande Winkel, 167–90. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ng, Kenny K. K. 2008. “Inhibition vs. Exhibition: Political Censorship of Chinese and Foreign Cinemas in Postwar Hong Kong.” Journal of Chinese Cinemas 2 (1): 23–35.
“Officials Brush off Censor Rumpus.” 1981. South China Morning Post, March 31.
Pomery, Chris. 1988. “Hong Kong '88: Censorship—Opening Up, Clamping Down.” Far Eastern Economic Review, April 7.
Randall, Richard S. 1968. Censorship of the Movies: The Social and Political Control of a Mass Medium. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Sa Kula 薩庫拉. 2012. “Zaijian Zhongguo yixie beijing ziliao” 《再見中國》一些背景資料 (Some Background Information on China Behind). Accessed September 2017. https://www.douban.com/note/214315260.
“Sensitive Film Grinds to a Sudden Stop.” 1981. Hong Kong Standard, March 27.
Sha Yexin 沙葉新, Li Shoucheng 李守成, and Yao Mingde 姚明德. (1979) 1983. “Jiaru wo shi zhende” 假如我是真的 (What If I Really Were?). Translated by Edward M. Gunn. In Stubborn Weeds: Popular and Controversial Chinese Literature after the Cultural Revolution, edited by Perry Link, 198–250. Minneapolis: Indiana University Press.
Stoner, Ted. 1987. “Truth behind the Film Ban.” TV Times, May 27 - June 2.
“Taiwan Movie Banned.” 1981. Hong Kong Standard, August 26.
“Taiwan Tries to Get Ban Lifted.” 1981. Hong Kong Standard, April 11.
Tang Shu Shuen 唐書璇. 1974. China Behind (Zaijian Zhongguo 再見中國).
Trevelyan, John. 1973. What the Censor Saw. London: Michael Joseph.
Tsang, Steve Yui-Sang. 1994. “Unwitting Partners: Relations between Taiwan and Britain, 1950–1958.” East Asian History no. 7 (June): 105–20.
Tsang, Steve Yui-Sang. 2004. A Modern History of Hong Kong. London: I.B. Tauris.
Tsang, Steve Yui-Sang. 2006. The Cold War’s Odd Couple: The Uunintended Partnership between the Republic of China and the UK, 1950–1958. London: I.B. Tauris.
Vasudev, Aruna. 1978. Liberty and License in the Indian Cinema. New Dehli: Vikas.
Wang Tong 王童. 1981. If I Were for Real (Jiaru wo shi zhende 假如我是眞的).
Xu Dunle 許敦樂. 2005. Ken guang tuo ying 墾光拓影 (Pioneer of lights and shadows). Hong Kong: MCCM Creations.
Yau, Ching. 2004. Filming Margins: Tang Shu Shuen, a Forgotten Hong Kong Woman Director. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
Yau, Herman Lai To. 2015. “The Progression of Political Censorship: Hong Kong Cinema from Colonial Rule to Chinese-style Socialist Hegemony.” Phd Dissertation, Lingnan University, Hong Kong.
Downloads
已出版
Versions
- 2020-12-30 (2)
- 2021-03-07 (1)
How to Cite
期
栏目
License
Copyright (c) 2021 The Journal of the European Association for Chinese Studies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
